Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

The impact of our research

With 3% of Australians experiencing obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) in their lifetime, you probably know someone affected. OCD can cause significant distress and is linked with higher rates of depression, anxiety, and suicide.

Medical research is urgently needed so we can develop better diagnostic tools and treatments.

QIMR Berghofer researchers have been running a clinical trial on OCD for eight years. We’re testing a brain stimulation treatment so we can develop more effective treatments and interventions.

We're a step closer to solving what causes OCD, after discovering changes in how distinct brain regions communicate.

About OCD

What is OCD?

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a severe and highly distressing mental illness. OCD can lead to social isolation, interpersonal difficulties, functional impairment, and financial problems.

People with OCD experience both obsessions and compulsions. Obsessions are persistent and intrusive thoughts, while compulsions are repetitive behaviours that are usually in response to the obsessions themselves. These can be time-consuming, cause personal distress, and typically only offer temporary relief from the underlying anxiety that drives the behaviour.

Who’s most at risk of OCD?

It’s estimated that 3% of Australians experience OCD in their lifetime so there’s a good chance you know someone affected.

Typically, OCD starts in early adulthood and persists throughout life. While medication and psychological therapy can improve symptoms, these treatments don’t work for many individuals.

What are the symptoms of OCD?

OCD affects people differently but usually has two main elements:

  1. Obsessions – repeated unwanted, intrusive and often distressing thoughts, images or urges that cause anxiety or distress.
  2. Compulsions – repetitive behaviours that people feel driven to perform in an attempt to relieve their anxiety and obsession.

Common obsessions and compulsions include:

  • washing hands until they are red raw;
  • checking doors or the stove repeatedly;
  • counting in particular patterns;
  • repeating specific phrases.
How is OCD treated?

OCD is generally treated with:

  • cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT);
  • medications to help minimise symptoms, usually an antidepressant.

However, current medications are not specific to OCD and only meaningfully reduce symptoms in a small proportion of individuals.

Facts about ocd

19
is the average age of OCD onset in Australia.
Top 20
OCD is in the top 20 causes of illness-related disability worldwide for people aged 15-44.
Genetic compotent
is suggested by research. A family history of the disorder increases the odds of a diagnosis.

Our OCD research

Brain Modelling Group

This group, led by Associate Professor James Roberts, models and analyses brain structure and dynamics in health and disease. The group is harnessing the rapid developments in neuroimaging technology and connectomics to develop new mathematical models of brain activity. The goal is to fill gaps in our knowledge of how neuroimaging brain signals emerge from brain structure, how this relationship varies as we grow and age, and how things can go wrong leading to neurological and psychiatric disorders.

"The Brain Modelling Group delves into the depths of brain structure and dynamics, pursuing two vital themes: developing diagnostic methods for neonatal brain health and modelling large-scale brain activity across the lifespan. Through harnessing physics, machine learning, and cutting-edge neuroimaging technology, our goal is to uncover the mysteries of brain signals, their relationship to structure, and their implications for neurological and psychiatric disorders."

Associate Professor James Roberts