Genetics, Genomics, and Epigenetics

Genetics investigates the structure and function of genes, which are responsible for passing on traits from one generation to the next. By understanding how genes work and interact, we gain valuable insights into the genetic basis of traits, diseases, and developmental processes.

Genomics takes genetics to a broader scale by studying the entire set of an organism's genes, known as its genome. Through genome sequencing and analysis, we can examine the complete genetic blueprint of an individual. This allows us to identify genes associated with specific conditions or diseases.

This wealth of genomic data provides a foundation for precision medicine, where treatments can be tailored to an individual's unique genetic makeup, leading to more effective and personalised healthcare.

Epigenetics delves into the heritable changes in gene activity that do not involve alterations in the DNA sequence. Epigenetic modifications can influence how genes are expressed or silenced. Studying epigenetic mechanisms provides critical insights into the interplay between genetics and the environment, offering a deeper understanding of how genes can be influenced by external factors such as diet, lifestyle, and exposure to various substances.